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${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}.}$

█████ █████ ██ ████ ███ ████ ██████ ███████. ████████ ███████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ██████ ████ ███████ ██ █████ ███ █████ █████ ████ ████ ████ ██████ ██ ███ ███ ███ █████. ██ ████ █████ ██████████ ████ █████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ██████ ███████ ██ ███████ ███ █████ ████ ████ ████ ████ ██████ ██ ████ ████████ ███ █████.

█████ ███████ ████ ███ ████ ██████ ████ █████ ██████ ██████ █ ███ █████ █████ █ ███ ███ █████ ██ █████ ██████ ████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ █ ███ ███ ███ █████ ██████ ██████.

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███ █████ ██ ██████ ██████ ( ███ ██ ██████ ██████ ██ █████ ██████ ███ █████ ███ ███ ██████) █████. ███ ███████ ███ ████ ██████ ███ ████ ██████ █████ ████ ██ ██████ █████ ██████. ████ ██ ████ █████ ████████ ██ ██████ ███████ ███████ ██████ ██████ ███ █████ ██████ ████ ███████ ███████ ██ ███████. ███ ███ ███████ ███ █ █ █ ███ █ █████:

█_█ = ██_█/██ █ █_█ = ██_█/██.

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${\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}=-\frac{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}},}$

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${\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}\left({\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}\right)=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>.}}$

███ ████ ████ ███████ ███ ███████ ███ █_█ █ █_█ ███████ ███ ███████ ██ █_█ █ █_█ ███:

${\displaystyle {\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}={\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}.}$

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████ ██████ ███████ █████ ██ █████ ███████ ███ █████. ███ ███ █████ █████ ███ ████ ${\displaystyle {\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$ █ ${\displaystyle {\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$ █ ████ ██ ███ ${\displaystyle {\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$ █ ${\displaystyle {\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$ ███ █████ ███ ████

████ ████ █████ █████ ██ █████ ██ ███████:

${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\sum _{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$

████ ████ ████ ███ ███████ █████ ██ ████ ███████:

${\displaystyle {\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\text{<span word-length="2" class="word redacted">██</span>}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+\cdots }{{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+\cdots }=\frac{\sum _{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}{\sum _{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}.}$

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${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\text{<span word-length="2" class="word redacted">██</span>}}.}$

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███ ███████ ████ ███████ █ ████ ████ ██ ███ █████ █████ ██████ █████:

${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}.}$

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${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\frac{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}.}$

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${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}={\int }_{{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}^{{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}(\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>})\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}.}$

███ ███ ██ ██████ █████ ███ █████ █████:

${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>},}$

████ ███ █████ █████ ████ ███ ██████ ██ ██████.

████: █████ █████ ██ ████ █████ █ ███ ████ ██ ██████ ███ ████ █ ███ ███ █████ ██ ████ ███████ ██████ ██████. █████ ████ ███████ ██████ ████ ███████ ██ █ █████ ██ █████ ██████. ████ ██████ ██ █████ █████ █ ███ ███ ███ █████.

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████ █████ (███████) ███ ███ █████ ██████ ██ ███ █████ ███████ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathbf{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ █████ ██████:

${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathbf{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}{\mathbf{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathbf{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}-\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}{\mathbf{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathbf{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$

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${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ ████ █████

███ ████████ ███████ █████ ██████ ███████ ██ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathbf{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ ████ ███ ████████ ███████:

${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}.}$

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